WordPress has the ability to have different types of post types, the main post type you will use in WordPress is the post type called post. But there are other defaults such as Pages and Attachments. All the post types in WordPress are stored in the same table wp_posts there is a column on this table which will decide the type of post, this is defined as post_type.
In version 3.0 of WordPress a function was created to allow you to easily create your own post types.
Default Post Types
The 2 main post types are the post and the page, the main differences between these two post types is how they are used in WordPress to display your content. A post is mainly used for a blog like structure, is will allow you to easily display all your content is a published date order. This means that you can display a list of all your posts in the order of when they were published. You can use this post type for any content that can be ordered by date, it doesn't have to be blog posts.
Another difference of posts over pages is the ability to assign categories and tags to group the posts together, for example in a blog you can create an article category, tutorial category, a news category. Now you can view all the posts in these categories again in a date order, to show all the possible posts.
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